Q. Explain the Generations of Computers.
There are 5 Generations of computers that took place in History. We can see the development in each stage of the time period. They are given below:
1st Generation: 1942-1955 (Vacuum Tubes)
2nd Generation: 1956-1963 (Transistors)
3rd Generation: 1964-1971 (Integrated Circuits)
4th Generation: 1971-Present (Microprocessors)
5th Generation: 1980-Present (Artificial Intelligence)
First Generation (1942-1955)
2. Those computers were huge in size and occupied more space.
3. For storage, they use magnetic drums.
4. Those machines were slow in processing, not reliable, had hardware failures, and had low performance.
Second Generation (1955-1964)
1. In this second generation, computers used to run through Transistors Technology.
2. They were smaller in size compared to the first generation of computers with reduced size.
3. Air conditioners were required even having less amount of heat.4. For storage, magnetic tapes were used.
5. They can be carried easily from one place to another place.
6. It was very fast compared to the first generation of computers.
7. It can be made with the requirement of 1000 Transistors.
Third Generation (1964-1975)
1. The third-generation computers were used to run with Integrated Circuit Technology.
2. The speed of computation was very fast than the previous two generations. (From Microseconds to Nanoseconds)3. The size of computers is much reduced than the previous two generations.
4. They were easy to carry, much more reliable, an Air conditioner was needed, the cost of maintenance was low, High-level language-dependent and less expensive.
5. For storage, Magnetic Disks and external storage devices were used.
6. In this stage, Input and output devices are introduced.
Fourth Generation (1975-1989)
2. The computer's size was much reduced during this period, compared to the previous ones.
3. There were less expensive, portable, reliable, less heat, air conditioners required, low maintenance cost, 4. and low hardware failures.
5. The interconnection between computers was increased.
Fifth Generation (1989 to Now)
In this stage, we had faster growth in various fields. The usage of computers made the world more Updated and easier in every work. The Technologies that were made and developed during this period was taken the world to next level of development.
The Fifth Generation of computers, also known as the AI (Artificial Intelligence) generation, refers to the period of computer development that started in the 1980s and continued into the early 21st century. It is characterized by the introduction of advanced AI technologies such as natural language processing, expert systems, and machine learning. These computers were able to process and analyze vast amounts of data, making them capable of performing complex tasks such as reasoning, problem-solving, and decision-making. The Fifth Generation of computers was also marked by the development of parallel processing, which allowed multiple tasks to be executed simultaneously, and the use of supercomputers, which were capable of processing billions of operations per second.
